Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is characterized by the onset of a depressive illness during certain months, particularly winter, when there is less natural sunlight. The depression generally lifts during spring and summer. SAD may be effectively treated with light therapy, but nearly half of those with SAD do not respond to light therapy alone. Antidepressant medication and psychotherapy can reduce SAD symptoms, either alone or in combination with light therapy.
Postpartum Disorder is diagnosed if a new mother develops a major depressive episode within one month after delivery. It is estimated that 10 to 15 percent of women experience postpartum depression after giving birth.
Postpartum Disorder describes the range of emotional, physical, and behavioral changes often experienced by new mothers. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. While some new mothers experience a mild, brief bout of “baby blues,” others suffer from postpartum depression, a much more serious condition.
Psychotic Depression occurs when a severe depressive illness is accompanied by some form of psychosis, such as a break with reality, hallucinations, and delusions. Psychotic symptoms tend to develop after an individual has already had several episodes of depression without psychosis, however, once psychotic symptoms have emerged, they tend to reappear with each future depressive episode.
Those who have experienced a depressive episode with psychotic features have an increased risk of relapse and suicide compared to those without psychotic features, and they tend to have more pronounced sleep abnormalities.
Dysthymic Disorder is characterized by a depressed mood experienced most of the time for a long period of time (often at least two years), along with some of the following symptoms: insomnia/excessive sleep, low energy or fatigue, low self-esteem, poor appetite/overeating, poor concentration or indecisiveness, and feelings of hopelessness.
Dysthymia symptoms are typically less severe than symptoms of major depression. People suffering from Dysthymic Disorder often find that its symptoms do not disable, but keep one from functioning normally or from feeling good. Many people with dysthymia also experience major depressive episodes at some time in their lives.
Depressive Disorder is a common illness that negatively affects how a person feels, thinks and acts. Unlike typical feelings of sadness or a sad mood, depression causes a person to experience feelings of emptiness, lethargy, and the inability to care, as well as a wide range of other symptoms that depend entirely on the psychological make-up of the individual. Depression can interfere with the ability to work, study, sleep, eat, and enjoy previously pleasurable activities. If left untreated, depression can carry on for weeks, months, or even years, and can be constant, or reoccurring.
Depressive disorders can come in different forms and within these types there exists variations in the number of symptoms as well as their severity and persistence.
Symptoms can include:
Depressive disorders include:
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